Conditional Statements

• Conditional statements are fundamental programming constructs in Java that enable you to control the flow of a program based on specific conditions or criteria. 
• These statements allow you to make decisions and execute different blocks of code depending on whether a condition is true or false. 
• They are an essential part of programming as they enable you to create dynamic and flexible applications that can respond to changing circumstances.

The main conditional statements used in Java are:

1. if-else Statement: When a specified condition is true, a block of code is executed. If the condition is false, another block is executed.
2. Switch Statement: It's useful for executing one of many code blocks based on an expression.
3. Ternary Operator (Conditional Operator): It is a concise way to write if-else statements in one line. The condition is evaluated and one of two values is returned based on its truth value.

Java's conditional statements are essential for logic and decisions. They handle various scenarios, from simple comparisons to complex branching based on input or variables.